Ubuntu安装mysql-server

背景

云服务厂商提供的mysql太特么贵了呀，太特么贵了呀，我只是本地开发点东西，但是由于用的是windows，但是本地不想安装docker，所以打算用wsl安装ubuntu，在上面装点mysql用下。此文章仅是做为一个笔记，用来记录安装过程，这样的教程一搜一大把。

安装过程

设置root密码

sudo passwd root

输入当前帐号密码，然后即可设置root账号密码

安装mysql

1. 切换成root用户:sudo -i -u root，输入root账号密码即可

2. 查找合适的mysql-server版本：apt search mysql-server，找到心仪的版本

3. 安装mysql：apt install mysql-server-5.7 -y

4. 等待安装完成，检查mysql进程状态：systemctl status mysql，如果是以下状态则说明正在运行

● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2025-02-01 20:16:44 CST; 13min ago
  Process: 1637 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 1628 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1639 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 28 (limit: 4915)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
           └─1639 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Feb 01 20:16:44 DESKTOP-QOUOOSL systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
Feb 01 20:16:44 DESKTOP-QOUOOSL systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

5. 如果没有在运行，则使用：systemctl start mysql 来启动

配置mysql

ubuntu默认安装最新的mysql，但是初始的用户名和密码是自动生成的，按下面步骤修改mysql的root用户密码为123456

1. 查看mysql配置文件，获取初始账号和密码：cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf

# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!
[client]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = aptUzLQ2FDSiySWg
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql_upgrade]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = aptUzLQ2FDSiySWg
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

2. 使用client里面的默认账密登录：mysql -udebian-sys-maint -paptUzLQ2FDSiySWg，登陆成功后显示如下：

root@DESKTOP-QOUOOSL:/# mysql -udebian-sys-maint -paptUzLQ2FDSiySWg
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

3. 修改root账号的密码：update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' and host='localhost';

4. 修改认证插件：update mysql.user set plugin="mysql_native_password";

5. 刷新权限: flush privileges;

6. 退出登录：ctrl + d

7. 使用root登录：mysql -uroot -p123456

8. 修改默认字符集：set character_set_server=utf8;

连接mysql

1. 获取本机ip：ifconfig，下面的 192.168.173.151 即为本机ip：

root@DESKTOP-QOUOOSL:/# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1280
        inet 192.168.173.151  netmask 255.255.240.0  broadcast 192.168.175.255
        inet6 fe80::215:5dff:fe8d:da99  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:15:5d:8d:da:99  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 10153  bytes 21073449 (21.0 MB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 6692  bytes 493272 (493.2 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 58  bytes 6162 (6.1 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 58  bytes 6162 (6.1 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

root@DESKTOP-QOUOOSL:/#

2. 在windows主机上使用navicat或者其它db-client工具即可连接

   host: 192.168.173.151
   port: 3306
   user: root
   password: 123456

3. 搞定，收工